Canker Sores (aphthous ulcers)

Definition: an ulcerative lesion of the mucous membranes of the mouth

Causes: unknown, but probably due to an autoimmune reaction, and some foods such as citrus, nuts, and chocolates seem to cause flare-ups. They can also accompany other diseases such as inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn’s, mono, and fevers. Stress or trauma to the inside of the mouth can also contribute to them.

Signs and Symptoms:

Usually measuring only 1-2mm in diameter, but sometimes larger, they are flat, round ulcerations with a yellow center and red periphery, accompanied by pain. They occur on the mucous membranes of the mouth.

Treatment:

Medical treatment is aimed at reducing the pain, with several topical ointments available.

Alternatively, taking iron, B vitamins (B9 and B12 in particular), and zinc can be helpful. Correcting underlying irritation to the digestive tract is also helpful, such as avoiding wheat/gluten, food allergies, and taking supplemental acidophilus to aid bowel flora.

Taking a strong salt water solution and holding it in the mouth so the ulcers are bathed in it is a home remedy that often will work. Although it stings, salt directly on the ulcer will usually cause healing within 24 hours.